In effect, the Chinese officers stated that due to advances in technology and the blurring distinction between “civilian” and “military” operations, warfare was changing. Warfare would continue as an extension of politics, not merely with armaments, but with “weapons that are not weapons,” that reach into the barracks, classrooms, board

In 1999, two well-informed colonels of the People’s Liberation Army published a theoretical work titled Unrestricted Warfare. In this work, the colonels defined a “battlefield beyond the battlefield” as the ultimate target in future conflict. Qiao Liang and Wang Xiangsui went so far as to proclaim that “warfare is now escaping from the boun

But note that in all cases, we want someone to DO something—not merely to KNOW something. We want something to happen, something to take place. And we have the means to achieve that end.The Soviet concept of “active measures” comes closest to describing the operations we should be conducting. This is also for two reasons. First, active measur